downfall of regimes Abstract This article examines historical cases where governments facing external conflict attempted forced mobilization but encountered significant resistance from their populations, ultimately leading to political crises, regime collapse, or leadership punishment. Through examples spanning the past century—including Russia during World War I, South Vietnam in the Vietnam War, Nazi Germany, Argentina’s military junta, Iran’s Shah regime, and Italy under Mussolini—the analysis reveals a pattern: when governments impose military obligations without widespread public support, especially in scenarios perceived as unjust or distant, they risk losing legitimacy and authority. Forced mobilization, often accompanied by suppression of dissent, tends to heighten public discontent, erode institutional stability, and accelerate regime downfall, particularly when compounded by military defeats and economic strain. This article highlights the importance of government alignment w...